Rubber kugadzirisa Q&A
- Sei rubber ichida kuumbwa
Chinangwa cherabha plasticization ndechekupfupisa macheni akakura emamorekuru erabha pasi pemakanika, zvinopisa, kemikari uye zvimwe zviito, zvichiita kuti rabha irasikirwe nekusimba kwayo uye kuwedzera plastiki yayo, kuitira kuti isangane nezvinodiwa mukugadzira. Semuyenzaniso, kuita kuti iyo inosanganisirwa iite nyore kusanganisa, kufambisa kutenderedza uye extrusion, iine akajeka akaumbwa mapatani uye yakagadzikana maumbirwo, kuwedzera kuyerera kweakaumbwa uye jekiseni akaumbwa erabha zvinhu, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuti zvinhu zverabha zvipinde mukati me fiber, uye kuvandudza kunyungudika. uye kunamatira kwerubha zvinhu. Ehe, mamwe akaderera viscosity uye anogara ari viscosity rubbers anogona kunge asiri iwo epurasitiki. Domestic standard particle rabha, yakajairwa Malaysian rubber (SMR).
- Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokanganisa plasticization yerabha mune yemukati musanganiswa
Iko kusanganiswa kwerabha yakasvibirira mumusanganisi wemukati ndeyekusanganiswa kwepamusoro-tembiricha, ine tembiricha shoma ye120.℃kana pamusoro, kazhinji pakati pe155℃uye 165℃. Raw rabha rinoiswa pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya uye kwakasimba mechanicha chiito mukamuri yemusanganisi, zvichikonzera oxidation yakanyanya uye kuwana yakanakira plastiki munguva pfupi pfupi. Naizvozvo, zvinhu zvikuru zvinokanganisa kusanganiswa kwerabha nepurasitiki mumusanganisi wemukati ndezvi:
(1)Equipment technical performance, senge kumhanya, nezvimwe,
(2)Mamiriro ekugadzirisa, akadai senguva, tembiricha, kumanikidza kwemhepo, uye kugona.
- Sei marabha akasiyana-siyana aine akasiyana eplasticizing properties
Iyo plastiki yerabha yakanyatsoenderana nekuumbwa kwayo kwemakemikari, chimiro chemolecular, uremu hwemamorekuru, uye kugoverwa kwehuremu. Nekuda kwezvakasiyana zvimiro uye zvimiro, rabha rechisikigo uye rekugadzira rabha zvinowanzorerukira kupurasitiki pane yekugadzira rabha. Panyaya yerabha yekugadzira, isoprene rabha uye chloroprene rabha iri padyo nerabha yechisikigo, ichiteverwa ne styrene butadiene rubber uye butyl rabha, nepo nitrile rubha ndiyo yakanyanya kuoma.
- Nei purasitiki yerabha yakasvibirira ichishandiswa seyakanyanya mhando chiyero chepurasitiki musanganiswa
Iyo plastiki yerabha yakasvibirira yakabatana nekuoma kwese kwese kwekugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa, uye inobata zvakananga zvinhu zvakakosha zvemuviri uye zvemagetsi zvimiro zvevulcanized rubber uye kushandiswa kwechigadzirwa. Kana iyo plasticity yerabha yakapfava yakawandisa, inoderedza zvemuviri uye zvemichina zvimiro zvevulcanized rabha. Kana iyo plasticity yerabha yakadzikira zvakanyanya, zvinokonzeresa kunetsa mukuita kunotevera, zvichiita kuti zviome kusanganisa zvinhu zverabha zvakaenzana. Panguva yekukunguruka, pamusoro peiyo semi-yakapedza chigadzirwa haina kutsetseka uye shrinkage rate yakakura, zvichiita kuti zviome kubata hukuru hwehafu-yakapedza chigadzirwa. Munguva yekukunguruka, iyo rubber zvinhu zvakare yakaoma kukwiza mumucheka, zvichikonzera zviitiko zvakadai sekupeuka kwejira rakarembera rejira rejira rejira, zvichideredza zvakanyanya kunamatira pakati pemachira ejira. Kusaenzana kwepurasitiki kunogona kutungamirira kukusagadzikana kwemaitiro uye maitiro emagetsi ezvigadzirwa zverubha, uye kunyange kukanganisa kusashanda kwechigadzirwa. Naizvozvo, kugona purasitiki yerabha yakasvibira nenzira kwayo inyaya isingagone kufuratirwa.
5. Chinangwa chekusanganisa chii
Kusanganisa inzira yekusanganisa rabha yakasvibirira uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinowedzerwa pamwechete kuburikidza nemidziyo yerabha zvinoenderana nechikamu chezvinowedzerwa chakatsanangurwa murubha zvinhu fomula, uye nekuona kuti zvese zvinowedzera zvakaparadzirwa zvakaenzana murabha mbishi. Chinangwa chekusanganisa zvinhu zverabha ndechekuwana mayunifomu uye anowirirana emuviri uye mekiniki maitiro ekuita zvinosangana neyakatemerwa fomula, kuitira kufambisa maitirwo ekuita uye kuve nechokwadi chemhando yezvinodiwa zvezvakapera zvigadzirwa.
6. Sei ma admixtures achibatana
Zvikonzero zvekukaka kwemushonga wemusanganiswa ndezvi: kusakwana kwepurasitiki kusanganiswa kwerabha yakasvibira, yakawandisa roll spacing, yakanyanya kupisa tembiricha, yakakura yakawandisa glue kurodha, zvimedu kana keke zvinhu zviri muupfu inosanganisa agent, gel, nezvimwe. nzira yekuvandudza ndeyekutora matanho chaiwo anoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo: purasitiki yakazara, kunyatsogadzirisa nzvimbo ye roller, kuderedza tembiricha yeroller, uye kuterera nzira yekudyisa; Kuomesa uye kuongororwa kwehupfu; Kucheka kunofanira kunge kwakakodzera panguva yekusanganiswa.
- Nei yakawandisa kabhoni dema murubha zvinhu ichiburitsa "dilution effect"
Iyo inonzi "dilution effect" inokonzerwa nekuwanda kwekabhoni dema mukugadzirwa kwerabha, izvo zvinotungamira kudzikira kwehuwandu hwerabha, zvichikonzera kushamwaridzana kwepedyo pakati pekabhoni dema particles uye kusakwanisa kupararira zvakanaka murubber. zvinhu. Izvi zvinonzi "dilution effect". Nekuda kwekuvapo kweakawanda akakura kabhoni dema particle masumbu, mamorekuru erabha haakwanise kupinda mukati mekabhoni dema particle clusters, uye kudyidzana pakati perabha nekabhoni dema kunodzikiswa, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwesimba uye inotarisirwa kusimbaradza mhedzisiro haigone kuwanikwa.
8. Chii chinokonzeresa chimiro chekabhoni dema pane zvinhu zverubha zvinhu
Carbon dema inogadzirwa nekuora kwekupisa kwemakemikari ehydrocarbon. Kana iyo mbishi iri gasi rechisikigo (iro rinonyanya kuumbwa nemafuta ehydrocarbons), mhete yekabhoni ine nhengo nhanhatu inoumbwa; Kana iyo mbishi iri oiri inorema (ine yakakwira yemukati yemahydrocarboni anonhuhwirira), mhete ine nhengo nhanhatu ine kabhoni inowedzerwazve dehydrogenated uye yakacondenswa kuita polycyclic inonhuhwirira komisheni, zvichigadzira hexagonal network dhizaini yekabhoni maatomu. Iyi nhanho inopindirana 3-5 nguva uye inova kristaro. Iwo akatenderera zvidimbu zvekabhoni dema makristasi amorphous anoumbwa akati wandei seti emakristasi asina chaiwo akajairwa. Kune unsaturated yemahara zvisungo zvakatenderedza kristaro, izvo zvinokonzeresa kabhoni dema particles kuti iwirirane, ichigadzira madiki matavi maketani enhamba dzakasiyana, iyo inonzi chimiro chekabhoni dema.
Chimiro checarbon black chinosiyana nenzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzira. Kazhinji, chimiro chechoto chemoto kabhoni dema chakakwira kupfuura icho chetangi process kabhoni nhema, uye chimiro cheacetylene kabhoni dema ndicho chepamusoro. Mukuwedzera, chimiro chekabhoni dema chinokanganiswawo neyakagadzirwa zvinhu. Kana iyo inonhuhwirira hydrocarbon yemukati meiyo mbishi yakakwira, chimiro chekabhoni dema chakakwira, uye goho zvakare rakakwirira; Pane zvinopesana, chimiro chacho chakaderera uye chibereko chakadererawo. Iyo diki dhayamita yekabhoni dema particles, iyo yakakwirira chimiro. Mukati meiyo yakafanana particle size range, iyo yakakwira chimiro, zviri nyore kuburitsa, uye pamusoro pechigadzirwa chakawedzerwa chakatsetseka nekuderera kushoma. Chimiro chekabhoni dema chinogona kuyerwa neiyo mafuta absorption kukosha kwayo. Kana iyo particle size yakafanana, yakakwira mafuta absorption kukosha inoratidza chimiro chepamusoro, nepo chinopesana chinoratidza chimiro chakaderera. Yakakwirira yakarongeka kabhoni dema inonetsa kuparadzira mune yekugadzira rabha, asi yakapfava yekugadzira rabha inoda yakakwira modulus kabhoni dema kuti ivandudze simba rayo. Fine particle yakakwirira yakarongeka kabhoni nhema inogona kuvandudza kupfeka kuramba kwetsika rabha. Mabhenefiti eiyo yakaderera chimiro kabhoni nhema isimba rakanyanya kusimba, kureba kwakakwira, kuderera kwesimba, kuomarara kwakaderera, yakapfava rubha zvinhu, uye yakaderera kupisa chizvarwa. Nekudaro, kusamira kwayo kwekupfeka kwakaipa kupfuura iyo yemhando yepamusoro kabhoni dema ine saizi yakafanana.
- Sei kabhoni dema ichikanganisa kupisa kwekuita kwerubha zvinhu
Kupesvedzera kwechimiro chekabhoni dema panguva yekupisa yerubha zvinhu: yakakwirira structural uye pfupi inopisa nguva; Iyo idiki saizi yekabhoni nhema, iyo ipfupi nguva yekubika. Mhedzisiro yezvimiro zvekabhoni dema zvimedu pakubika: zvinonyanya kureva iyo okisijeni iri pamusoro pekabhoni dema, iyo yakakwira muokisijeni yemukati, yakaderera mupH kukosha, uye acidic, senge slot dema, ine coking refu. nguva. Mhedzisiro yehuwandu hwekabhoni dema panguva yekupisa: yakawanda inogona kupfupisa zvakanyanya nguva yekupisa nekuti kuwedzera kwekabhoni dema kunogadzira yakasungwa rabha, ine tsika yekusimudzira kupisa. Mhedzisiro yekabhoni dema pane iyo Mooney inopisa nguva yezvigadzirwa zverubha inosiyana mune dzakasiyana vulcanization masisitimu.
10. Ndeipi nhanho yekutanga kusanganisa uye chii chikamu chechipiri kusanganisa
Imwe nhanho yekusanganisa ndeye maitiro ekuwedzera epurasitiki komputa uye akasiyana ekuwedzera (kune zvimwe zvinowedzera zvisingapararidzwe nyore kana kushandiswa mune zvidiki zvidiki, zvinogona kugadzirwa pre kugadzirwa masterbatch) chimwe nechimwe zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemaitiro. Ndiko kuti, iyo masterbatch inosanganiswa mune yemukati muvhenganisi, uye ipapo sarufa kana mamwe vulcanizing agents, pamwe nemamwe ma super accelerators asina kukodzera kuwedzerwa mumusanganisi wemukati, anowedzerwa kune piritsi rekudhinda. Muchidimbu, nzira yekusanganisa inopedzwa mune imwe kuenda pasina kumira pakati.
Yechipiri nhanho musanganiswa inoreva maitiro ekusanganisa zvakafanana ekuwedzera akasiyana, kunze kwevamiririri vevulcanizing uye super accelerators, ine raw rabha kugadzira hwaro rabha. Chikamu chezasi chakatonhodzwa uye chakamiswa kweimwe nguva yenguva, uyezve yekuwedzera kugadzirisa kunoitwa pane yemukati musanganiswa kana yakavhurika chigayo kuwedzera vulcanizing agents.
11. Sei mafirimu achifanira kutonhodzwa asati achengetwa
Kupisa kwefirimu yakagurwa nepiritsi yepiritsi yakakwirira kwazvo. Kana ikasakurumidza kutonhora, zviri nyore kugadzira vulcanization yekutanga uye inonamira, zvichikonzera dambudziko kune inotevera maitiro. Fekitori yedu inoburuka kubva patafura yekutsikirira, uye kuburikidza nefirimu yekutonhodza mudziyo, inonyudzwa mune yekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe, inopeperetswa yakaoma, uye yakachekwa nekuda kweichi chinangwa. Izvo zvinodikanwa zvekutonhora kutonhora kupisa tembiricha yefirimu kusvika pasi pe45℃, uye nguva yekuchengetedza yekunamatira haifaniri kunge yakareba, kana zvisina kudaro inogona kukonzera kunamatira kupfapfaidza chando.
- Sei uchidzora tembiricha yekuwedzera sarufa pasi pe100℃
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kana sarufa uye accelerator zvawedzerwa kune yakasanganiswa rabha zvinhu, kana tembiricha ichipfuura 100.℃, zviri nyore kukonzeresa vulcanization yekutanga (kureva kupisa) kwezvinhu zverabha. Mukuwedzera, sarufa inonyunguduka murubha pakupisa kwepamusoro, uye mushure mekutonhora, sulfuri inoputika pamusoro pezvinhu zverubha, zvichikonzera chando uye kupararira kusina kufanana kwesarufa.
- Sei mafirimu akavhenganiswa achida kumiswa kwenguva yakati asati ashandiswa
Chinangwa chekuchengetedza mafirimu erabha akavhenganiswa mushure mekutonhora zvakapetwa kaviri: (1) kudzorera kuneta kwezvinhu zverubha uye kuzorodza mechanical stress inowanikwa panguva yekusanganiswa; (2) Deredza kuderera kwechinhu chinonamatira; (3) Ramba uchiparadzira mumiriri wekubatanidza panguva yekupaka, kukurudzira kupararira kweyunifomu; (4) Uyezve gadzira bonding rubber pakati perabha nekabhoni dema kuti uvandudze kusimbaradza.
14. Nei zvichidikanwa kunyatso shandisa segmented dosing uye nguva yepressurization
Kutevedzana kwedosing uye nguva yekumanikidza zvinhu zvakakosha zvinokanganisa kunaka kwekusanganisa. Segmented dosing inogona kuvandudza kusanganisa kushanda zvakanaka uye kuwedzera kufanana, uye kune yakakosha mirau yekutevedzana kwedosing yemamwe makemikari, senge: zvinyoro zvinyoro hazvifanirwe kuwedzerwa panguva imwe chete nekabhoni nhema kudzivirira kusangana. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kunyatso shandisa segmented dosing. Kana nguva yekumanikidzika ipfupi, rubber nemishonga haigoni kubvongodzwa zvakakwana uye yakakanyiwa, zvichiita kuti kusanganiswa kusina kufanana; Kana iyo nguva yepressurization yakarebesa uye tembiricha yekusanganisa yakakwira zvakanyanya, zvinokanganisa kunaka uye zvakare kuderedza kushanda zvakanaka. Nokudaro, nguva yepressurization inofanira kusimbiswa zvakasimba.
15. Chii chinokonzeresa kuzadza huwandu pamhando yeakasanganiswa uye epurasitiki rubber
Iyo yekuzadza huwandu inoreva iyo chaiyo yekusanganisa kugona kwemukati muvhenganisi, iyo inowanzo verengera 50-60% yeiyo yakazara yekusanganisa kamuri kugona kwemukati musanganisi. Kana huwandu hwakawandisa, hapana gaka rakakwana mukusanganiswa, uye kusanganiswa kwakakwana hakugone kuitwa, zvichikonzera kusaenzana kusanganisa; Kuwedzera kwekushisa kunogona kukonzera zviri nyore kuzvidzora kweiyo rubber zvinhu; Inogonawo kukonzera kuwandisa kwemota. Kana huwandu hwacho hwakanyanya kudiki, hapana kukwana kupokana kwekupokana pakati pemarotor, zvichikonzera idling uye kusaenzana kusanganisa, izvo zvinokanganisa kunaka kwerabha yakasanganiswa uye zvakare kuderedza kushandiswa kwemidziyo.
- Sei zvinyoro zvinyoro zvinoda kuwedzerwa kwekupedzisira pakusanganisa zvinhu zverabha
Kana uchisanganisa zvinhu zverabha, kana zvinyoro zvinyoro zvawedzerwa kutanga, zvinokonzeresa kuwanda kwerabha yakasvibirira uye kukanganisa kukweshera kwemuchina pakati pemamorekuru erabha nemafiller, kuderedza kumhanya kwekusanganiswa kwezvinhu zverabha, uye zvakare kukonzera kupararira kusina kuenzana uye kunyange kuungana. yehupfu. Saka panguva yekusanganiswa, zvinyoro zvinyoro zvinowanzowedzerwa kwekupedzisira.
17. Sei iyo yakasanganiswa rubber zvinhu "self sulfurize" mushure mekusiiwa kwenguva refu
Zvikonzero zvikuru zvekuitika kwe "self sulfur" panguva yekuiswa kwezvinhu zvakasanganiswa zverubha ndezvi: (1) yakawanda vulcanizing agents uye accelerators inoshandiswa; (2) Huru yekurodha rabha, tembiricha yakakwira yemuchina wekuchenesa rabha, kusakwana kutonhora kwefirimu; (3) Kana kuwedzera sarufa kare kare, kuparadzirwa kusina kuenzana kwemishonga kunokonzeresa kuwanda kwenzvimbo dzekumhanyisa uye sulfuri; (4) Kupaka kusina kunaka, sekupisa kwakanyanya uye kusafamba zvakanaka kwemhepo munzvimbo yekupaka.
18. Sei kusanganiswa kwerubha zvinhu mumusanganisi kuchida kuve nekumwe kudzvanywa kwemhepo
Munguva yekusanganiswa, kunze kwekuvapo kwerabha yakasvibirira uye mishonga yemishonga muimba yekuvhenganisa yemusanganisi wemukati, kunewo huwandu hwakawanda hwemapupu. Kana kudzvinyirirwa kusina kukwana, rabha yakasvibirira uye mishonga yemishonga haigoni kukwizwa uye yakakanyiwa zvakakwana, zvichiita kuti kusaenzana kusanganiswa; Mushure mekuwedzera kudzvanywa, zvinhu zverabha zvichaiswa pasi pekukwesha kwakasimba uye kukanya kumusoro, pasi, kuruboshwe, uye kurudyi, kugadzira rabha raw uye mumiriri wemusanganiswa nekukurumidza uye zvakaenzana zvakasanganiswa. Muchirevo, iyo yakakwirira kudzvinyirira, zviri nani. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekugumira mumidziyo uye zvimwe zvinhu, kudzvanywa chaiko hakugone kuve kusingagumi. Kazhinji kutaura, kudzvinyirirwa kwemhepo kunosvika 6Kg/cm2 kuri nani.
- Nei ma roller maviri emushini wakavhurika werubha wekusanganisa achida kuve neimwe nhanho yekumhanya
Chinangwa chekugadzira reshiyo yekumhanyisa yemuchina wakavhurika wekuchenesa rabha ndeyekukwidziridza shear mhedzisiro, kugadzira mechanical friction uye molecular chain breaking pane zvinhu zverabha, uye kusimudzira kupararira kwemusanganisi mumiririri. Uye zvakare, iyo inononoka kumberi yekumhanyisa kumhanya inobatsira pakushanda uye kuchengetedza kugadzirwa.
- Nei musanganisi wemukati achigadzira thallium inclusion phenomenon
Pane kazhinji zvikonzero zvitatu zvekuisa thallium mumusanganisi: (1) pane matambudziko nemidziyo pachayo, sekudonha kwemhepo kubva kumusoro kwebhaudhi, (2) kusakwana kwemhepo, uye (3) kushanda zvisina kunaka, senge. kusateerera paunenge uchiwedzera zvinyoro-nyoro, zvinowanzokonzera kunamira kunamatira kumusoro kwebhaudhi uye madziro ekamuri yekusanganisa. Kana isina kucheneswa nenguva, inozopedzisira yakanganisa.
21. Sei iyo yakasanganiswa firimu inomanikidza uye inopararira
Pamusana pekusava nehanya panguva yekusanganiswa, inowanzopararira nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, kunyanya kusanganisira: (1) kutyora kutevedzana kwedosing kunotsanangurwa mumitemo yemaitiro kana kuwedzera nekukurumidza; (2) Tembiricha mukamuri yekusanganisa yakadzikira zvakanyanya panguva yekusanganiswa; (3) Yakawandisa dosage yemafiller mune fomula inogoneka. Pamusana pekusabatana zvakanaka, rubber material yakapwanyika uye yakaparadzirwa. Iyo yakaparadzirwa yerabha zvinhu zvinofanirwa kuwedzerwa negiredhi rimwechete remusanganiswa wepurasitiki kana rabha raamai, uye wozoiswa mukurapwa kwehunyanzvi mushure mekumanikidzwa uye kuburitswa.
22. Sei zvakakosha kutsanangura kurongeka kwedosing
Chinangwa chekutevedzana kwedosing ndechekuvandudza kushanda kwerabha musanganiswa uye kuve nechokwadi chemhando yezvakasanganiswa rubber zvinhu. Kazhinji, kurongeka kwekuwedzera makemikoro kunotevera: (1) Kuwedzera plastiki kupfavisa rabha, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kusanganisa neanosanganisa agent. (2) Wedzera mishonga miduku yakadai se zinc oxide, stearic acid, accelerators, anti-aging agents, etc. Izvi zvikamu zvakakosha zvezvinhu zvekunamatira. Kutanga, wedzera ivo kuitira kuti vagokwanisa kuparadzirwa zvakaenzana mumucheka wekunamatira. (3) Carbon dema kana zvimwe zvinozadza sevhu, calcium carbonate, zvichingodaro. (4) Mvura inopfavisa uye kuzvimba kwerabha kunoita kuti kabhoni dema uye rabha zvive nyore kusanganisa. Kana kutevedzana kwedosing kukasateverwa (kunze kwemafomula ane zvakakosha zvinodiwa), zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kunaka kweiyo yakasanganiswa rubber zvinhu.
23. Sei kune marudzi akati wandei erabha mbishi anoshandiswa pamwechete muforoma imwechete
Nekuvandudzwa kwezvigadzirwa muindasitiri yerabha, akasiyana-siyana ekugadzira rabha ari kuwedzera. Kuti uvandudze zvemuviri uye zvemagetsi zvimiro zverabha uye vulcanized rabha, kugadzirisa mashandiro erabha, uye kuderedza mutengo wezvigadzirwa zverabha, akati wandei marudzi erabha mbishi anowanzo shandiswa mune imwecheteyo fomula.
24. Sei zvinhu zverubha zvichibudisa plastiki yakakwirira kana yakaderera
Chikonzero chikuru chemamiriro ezvinhu aya ndechokuti plastiki yepurasitiki yemusanganiswa haina kukodzera; Nguva yekusanganisa yakarebesa kana kupfupika; Tembiricha yekusanganisa isina kunaka; Uye glue haina kusanganiswa zvakanaka; Kuwedzera kana kusakwana kuwedzera kweplasticizers; Carbon dema inogona kugadzirwa nekuwedzera zvishoma kana kushandisa mhando isiriyo. Iyo nzira yekuvandudza ndeyekunyatsobata purasitiki yemusanganiswa wepurasitiki, kudzora nguva yekusanganisa uye tembiricha, uye kusanganisa rabha zvakaenzana. Iyo yekusanganisa mumiriri inofanira kuyerwa nemazvo uye kuongororwa.
25. Sei zvinhu zverabha zvakasanganiswa zvichibudisa giravhiti rakanyanya kukura kana kuti duku
Zvikonzero zveizvi zvinosanganisira kuyerwa kusiri iko kwekomboni, kusiiwa, uye kusawirirana. Kana huwandu hwekabhoni nhema, zinc oxide, uye calcium carbonate ikadarika huwandu hwakatarwa ukuwo huwandu hwerabha mbishi, oiri plasticizers, zvichingodaro ishoma pane yatarwa, pachava nemamiriro ezvinhu apo iyo chaiyo giravhiti yerubha zvinhu inodarika mari yakatarwa. Mukupesana, mugumisiro wachowo wakapesana. Pamusoro pezvo, panguva yekusanganiswa kwezvinhu zverabha, hupfu hwakawandisa huchibhururuka kana kunamira kumadziro emidziyo (senge pabhokisi remishonga diki), uye kutadza kudurura zvinhu zvakawedzerwa zvachose zvinogona kukonzera kuti kurema kwerubha kuve zvakare. yakakwirira kana yakaderera. Nzira yekuvandudza ndeyekutarisa kana paine zvikanganiso mukuyera panguva yekusanganiswa, kusimbisa kushanda, uye kudzivirira hupfu hubhururuka uye kuve nechokwadi chekusanganiswa kwezvinhu zverabha.
26. Sei kuoma kwezvinhu zvakasanganiswa zverubha kunowedzera zvakanyanya kana kuderera
Chikonzero chikuru chekuomarara kwakakwirira kana kuderera kweiyo rubber huremu huremu husina kurongeka hwemusanganisi wemusanganiswa, sehuremu hweiyo vulcanizing agent, inosimbisa agent, uye accelerator ichikwira kupfuura dosi yeformula, zvichikonzera iyo yekupedzisira- kuoma kwakanyanya kwerabha yakasvibiswa; Kusiyana neizvi, kana huremu hwerabha uye plasticizers huchipfuura huwandu hwakatarwa mufomula, kana huremu hweanosimbisa maajenti, vulcanizing agents, uye accelerators ari pasi peiyo yakatemerwa chiyero mufomula, zvinozotungamira kune yakaderera kuoma kweiyo. vulcanized rabha zvinhu. Matanho ayo ekuvandudza akafanana nekukunda chinhu chekuchinja kwepurasitiki. Uye zvakare, mushure mekuwedzera sarufa, kusaenzana kukuya kunogona kukonzera kushanduka mukuoma (munzvimbo yakawandisa kana kudiki).
27. Sei rubber zvinhu zvine zvishoma nezvishoma vulcanization pokutangira
Chikonzero chikuru chekunonoka kwevulcanization kutanga kwezvigadzirwa zverabha imhaka yezvishoma pane zvakatarwa kuwanda kweaccelerator iri kuyerwa, kana kusiiwa kwe zinc oxide kana stearic acid panguva yekusanganiswa; Kechipiri, iyo isiriyo mhando yekabhoni nhema dzimwe nguva inogona kukonzera kunonoka muhuwandu hwevulcanization hwezvinhu zverabha. Matanho ekuvandudza anosanganisira kusimbisa matatu ekuongorora uye kunyatsoyera kuyera mishonga yemishonga.
28. Sei zvinhu zverabha zvichibudisa kushomeka kwesarufa
Kuitika kwekushaikwa kwesarufa mumidziyo yerabha kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekushaikwa kana kusakwana musanganiswa weanomhanyisa, vulcanizing agents, uye zinc oxide. Nekudaro, kusanganisa kusanganisa mashandiro uye kuwandisa kwehupfu kubhururuka kunogona kukonzera kushomeka kwesarufa mumidziyo yerabha. Matanho ekuvandudza ndeaya: kunze kwekuwana kuyera kwakaringana, kusimbisa iyo mitatu yekuongorora, uye kudzivirira kushaikwa kana kusaenderana zvimisikidzo, zvinodiwawo kusimbisa kusanganisa kwekuita basa uye kudzivirira huwandu hukuru hwehupfu kubva pakubhururuka uye kurasikirwa.
29. Sei maitiro emuviri uye emagetsi ezvigadzirwa zverubha zvakasanganiswa zvisingaenderani
Kuyera huremu husina kunaka hwemushonga wemukomboni unonyanya kukonzerwa nekushaikwa kana kusaenderana nekusimbisa maajenti, vulcanizing agents, uye accelerators, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya hunhu hwemuviri uye hwemagetsi eiyo vulcanized rabha komboni. Chechipiri, kana nguva yekusanganisa yakarebesa, kutevedzana kwedosing kusinganzwisisike, uye kusanganisa kwacho hakuna kuenzana, kunogonawo kuita kuti zvimiro zvemuviri uye zvemichina zverabha yakasvibiswa ive isina kukodzera. Chekutanga, matanho anofanirwa kutorwa kusimbisa hunyanzvi hwekuita, kushandisa iyo mitatu yekuongorora system, uye kudzivirira kutadza kana kupotsa kuparadzirwa kwemishonga. Nekudaro, kune zvigadzirwa zverabha zvine hunyoro husina kunaka, gadziriso yekuwedzera kana kuisirwa muzvigadzirwa zverabha zvinodikanwa zvinodikanwa.
30. Sei zvinhu zverabha zvichibudisa kupisa
Zvikonzero zvekupiswa kwezvinhu zverubha zvinogona kupfupikiswa sezvizvi: zvisina musoro dhizaini dhizaini, sekushandisa zvakanyanya vulcanizing agents uye accelerators; Yakawandisa rabha kurodha simba, isina kufanira kusanganisa rabha kusanganisa, senge tembiricha yepamusoro yemuchina wekusanganisa rabha, kusakwana kutonhora mushure mekuburitsa, nguva isati yakwana kuwedzera kwesarufa kana kupararira kusina kuenzana, zvichikonzera kuwanda kwehulcanizing agents uye accelerators; Kuchengetedza pasina kutonhora kutete, kutenderedza zvakanyanya kana kurebesa nguva yekuchengetedza kunogona kukonzera kupisa kwezvinhu zvinonamira.
31. Nzira yekudzivirira sei kupisa kwezvinhu zverubha
Kudzivirira kubikira kunonyanya kusanganisira kutora matanho anoenderana kugadzirisa zvikonzero zvekubika.
(1) Kudzivirira kupisa, sekunyatso kudzora tembiricha yekusanganisa, kunyanya tembiricha yekuwedzera sarufa, kuvandudza mamiriro ekutonhora, kuwedzera zvinhu muhurongwa hwakatsanangurwa mukutsanangurwa kwemaitiro, uye kusimbisa kutonga kwezvinhu zverabha.
(2) Gadzirisa iyo vulcanization system mune fomula uye wedzera yakakodzera anti coking agents.
32. Sei uchiwedzera 1-1.5% stearic acid kana mafuta paunenge uchibata nerubha zvinhu zvine dhigirii yekupisa
Zvemidziyo yerabha ine dhigirii rakareruka rekutsva, pfumbu pfumbu (roller pitch 1-1.5mm, tembiricha ye roller iri pazasi 45℃) 4-6 nguva pachigayo chakavhurika, paka kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana, uye uzvisanganise muzvinhu zvakanaka zvekushandisa. Iyo dosage inofanira kudzorwa pasi pe20%. Nekudaro, kune zvigadzirwa zverabha zvine mwero wakanyanya wekupisa, kune akawanda vulcanization zvisungo mune yerubha zvinhu. Kuwedzera 1-1.5% stearic acid inogona kuita kuti zvinhu zverabha zvizvimbe uye kukurumidze kuparadzwa kwemuchinjiko wekubatanidza chimiro. Kunyangwe mushure mekurapwa, chikamu cherudzi urwu rwerabha yakawedzerwa kune yakanaka rubber zvinhu haifanire kudarika 10% Ehe, kune zvimwe zvakapiswa zvakanyanya zvinhu zverabha, kunze kwekuwedzera stearic acid, 2-3% mafuta ekunyorovesa anofanirwa kuwedzerwa nenzira kwayo. rubatsiro mukuzvimba. Mushure mekurapa, vanogona kuderedzwa chete kuti vashandise. Kana zviri zverubha zvinhu zvine kupisa kwakanyanya, hazvigone kugadziridzwa zvakananga uye zvinogona kungoshandiswa seyakabikwa yerabha yakadzokororwa.
33. Sei zvinhu zverubha zvinoda kuchengetwa pamahwendefa esimbi
Purasitiki nerabha yakasanganiswa yakapfava kwazvo. Kana akaiswa pasi zvakangodaro, marara akadai sejecha, matombo, ivhu, uye machipisi ehuni anogona kunamatira zviri nyore pane rabha, zvichiita kuti zviome kuona. Kuzvisanganisa kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kunaka kwechigadzirwa, kunyanya kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvitete, zvinouraya. Kana marara esimbi akasanganiswa mukati, anogona kukonzera tsaona dzemuchina. Saka izvo zvinonamira zvinofanirwa kuchengetwa pamarata esimbi akagadzirwa uye kuchengetwa munzvimbo dzakatarwa.
34. Sei plastiki yerabha yakasanganiswa dzimwe nguva yakasiyana zvikuru
Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kuchinja kwepurasitiki yerabha yakavhenganiswa, kunyanya kusanganisira: (1) sampling isinganzwisisiki yerabha yepurasitiki; (2) Kudzvinyirirwa kusina kunaka kwemusanganiswa wepurasitiki panguva yekusanganiswa; (3) Huwandu hwezvinyoro-nyoro hazvina kunaka; (4) Chiyero chikuru chekugadzirisa matambudziko ari pamusoro ndechekunyatsotevedzera maitiro emitemo uye kuterera kune tekinoroji zviziviso zvekuchinja kwezvinhu, kunyanya shanduko yeraw raw uye kabhoni nhema.
35. Sei zvakaonda pass reverse kusanganisa zvichidikanwa mushure mekunge rabha yakasanganiswa yaburitswa kubva kumusanganisi wemukati
Tembiricha yeyakaburitswa rabha zvinhu kubva kumusanganisi yemukati inowanzopfuura 125℃, nepo tembiricha yekuwedzera sarufa inofanira kunge iri pasi pe100℃. Kuti ikurumidze kuderedza kutonhora kwezvinhu zverubha, zvinodikanwa kuti udzokorore kudururira zvinhu zverubha uye wozoita kushanda kwekuwedzera sulfur uye accelerator.
36. Inyaya dzipi dzinofanira kucherechedzwa panguva yekushandiswa kwekushandisa insoluble sulfur adhesive
Insoluble sulfur haina kugadzikana uye inogona kushandurwa kuita general soluble sulfur. Shanduko yacho inononoka pane tembiricha yekamuri, asi inomhanyisa nekuwedzera tembiricha. Kana yasvika pamusoro pe110℃, inogona kushandurwa kuita sarufa yakajairwa mukati me10-20 maminetsi. Naizvozvo, iyi sarufa inofanira kuchengetwa patembiricha yakaderera. Munguva yekugadzirwa kwezvinhu, kutarisirwa kunofanirawo kutorwa kuchengetedza tembiricha yakaderera (pazasi pe100℃) kudzivirira kuti isashandurwa kuita sarufa yakajairika. Insoluble sulfur, nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwayo murubha, kazhinji yakaoma kupararira zvakafanana, uye inofanirawo kupiwa kutarisisa kwakakwana mukuita. Insoluble sulfur inongoshandiswa kutsiva general soluble sulfur, pasina kushandura vulcanization process uye zvimiro zverabha yakasvibiswa. Nokudaro, kana kutonhora kwakanyanyisa panguva yekushanda, kana kuti yakachengetwa kwenguva yakareba pakupisa kwepamusoro, saka kuishandisa hakuna maturo.
37. Sei sodium oleate inoshandiswa mufirimu inotonhorera mudziyo inoda kuparadzirwa
Iyo yekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe sodium oleate inoshandiswa mutangi yemvura inotonhora yefirimu yekutonhodza mudziyo, nekuda kwekuenderera mberi kwekushanda, iyo firimu inoburuka kubva patafura yekutsikirira inoramba ichichengeta kupisa mu sodium oleate, izvo zvichaita kuti kupisa kwayo kusimuke nekukurumidza uye kutadza kubudirira. chinangwa chekutonhodza firimu. Kuti uderedze tembiricha yaro, zvinodikanwa kuita cyclic kutonhora, chete nenzira iyi inogona kutonhora uye yekuzviparadzanisa nemhedzisiro yefirimu yekutonhora mudziyo inogona kuita zvinobudirira.
38. Sei mechanical roller iri nani pane yemagetsi roller yefirimu inotonhora michina
Iyo firimu inotonhorera mudziyo yakatanga kuedzwa nemagetsi ekudziya roller, yaive neyakaomesesa chimiro uye yakaoma kugadzirisa. Iyo rabha zvinhu pamucheto wekucheka zvaiwanzoita vulcanization yekutanga, zvichiita kuti ive isina kuchengeteka. Gare gare, ma mechanical rollers akashandiswa kugadzirisa nyore uye kugadzirisa, kuve nechokwadi chemhando yechigadzirwa uye kugadzirwa kwakachengeteka.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-12-2024
